Consultant for the Research on Performance and Cost-Benefit Analysis of Piloted Sustainable Waste Management Business Models

To conduct a comprehensive performance and cost-benefit analysis of both output-level business models.

Project Title: PlasticSmart Cambodia: Business cases and practices to combat plastic waste and pollution for a greener Cambodia

1. Introduction

CARE is an international development organization fighting global poverty with a special focus on working with women and girls to bring sustainable changes their communities. CARE aims to tackle the underlying causes of poverty and social injustice and to bring lasting changes to the lives of poor and vulnerable people. Founded in 1945, today CARE works in over 100 countries around the globe and supports approximately 1,500 poverty-fighting development and humanitarian aid projects to reach more than 92 million people directly and 433 million people indirectly. CARE works with partners to achieve lasting results for marginalized communities.

CARE has been working with Cambodians since 1973, with an office in Phnom Penh since 1991. Today, CARE focuses on empowering particularly marginalized and vulnerable women in Cambodia, including urban women who are marginalized by occupation, rural women who are denied multiple rights, and women and girls form ethnic minorities. Each year CARE Cambodia implements around 10 projects, reaching approximately 250,000 direct participants and about 500,000 people are reached indirectly.

2. Background:

CARE International is a globally recognized development organization dedicated to alleviating poverty and fostering sustainable development through strategic partnerships and evidence-based interventions. Since 1973, CARE Cambodia has implemented diverse initiatives aimed at empowering marginalized and vulnerable communities, with a particular emphasis on gender equity and environmental sustainability.

Cambodia faces significant environmental challenges related to plastic waste and packaging, particularly in industrial zones where food vendors around garment factories generate substantial amounts of non-sustainable plastic packaging waste. The widespread use of single-use plastics in food packaging contributes to greenhouse gas emissions, environmental pollution, and public health risks.

The PlasticSmart Cambodia project, implemented by CARE Cambodia in partnership with CARE Austria, Youth Council of Cambodia (YCC) and Independent Democracy of Informal Economy Association (IDEA), and funded by the European Union and Austrian Development Agency, aims to reduce pollution and greenhouse gas emissions by promoting sustainable packaging and waste management practices.

Two inter-related project interventions or pilot outputs are the subject of this combined ToR:

  • Output 1 – Food & Beverage Packaging: Sustainable packaging business models piloted with 200+ food vending MSMEs (61% women) around target garment factories (New Wide, Kai Neng, Horizon Outdoor, CPCG, and Li Qiang Corporation) transitioning vendors from single-use plastics to leaf wraps, paper clamshell box, paper bags, bagasse bowls, and cassava bags, reusable cups, etc.
  • Output 2 – Waste Management & Segregation: Waste management business models piloted in three communes (Khnor Dambang, Longveak, Preah Putth+ Siem Reap), engaging 2 waste operators, 10+ recycling depots, and 80+edjai (informal collectors), ranging from building new collection systems to stabilizing recyclable material markets.

This combined analysis will provide evidence on viability, inform project fine-tuning, and generate insights for scaling under Outputs 3 and 4.

3.Objectives include:

Primary objectives of this assignment: Conduct a comprehensive performance and cost-benefit analysis of both output-level business models. Specific objectives:

  • Assess financial and non-financial benefits for relevant actors (classify by genders)
  • Evaluate stakeholder and customer perceptions of model transitions
  • Analyse eco-packaging supply chain (O1) and recycling value chain (O2) and performance for both
  • Identify barriers, enablers, and cost-effectiveness / ROI, including related gender norms (social norms or/and cultural contributing factors)
  • Document best practices and provide evidence-based recommendations for scaling
  • Generate evidence for advocacy and green finance positioning
  • Refine and Consolidate business cases for replication and scaling
  • Gender-disaggregated analysis of income and decision-making for (O1) women vendors and workers (O2) women edjai and depots
  • Assess emerging market opportunities and financial analysis of the new models across the value chain for both output

4. Scope of Work:

Output 1 – Food Packaging Output 2 – Waste Management
Models in scope A.1.1 / A.1.3: alternative packaging materials, supplier linkages, eco-market operations A.2.1 / A.2.3: collection systems, sorting, edjai integration, recycling value chain, recyclable digital marketplace
Key stakeholders Food vendors (MSMEs), Vendor Committees, Eco-Depots, factory workers/mgmt, packaging suppliers/manufacturers, local govt, MoE / MLVT / MISTI / financial institutions & NBC Waste operators, depots, edjai, aggregators, Recycling MSMEs, factory mgmt/workers, communities, local govt, MoE, MLVT, financial institutions & NBC

5. Key Research Questions

Shared (both outputs) Output 1 additions Output 2 additions
•       Financial benefits (revenue, cost savings, profitability)?

•       Non-financial benefits (efficiency, satisfaction, environmental)?

•       Main barriers to expansion and key success factors?

•       Cost-effectiveness vs. previous practices?

•       Gender-based barriers reduced for women actors? Increase more accessibility to opportunity, resources (control over resource), and financial viability for women in supply chain and household (i.e financial decision making)?

•       Which elements are most scalable and sustainable?

•       Revenue potential across the value chain?

•       Alignment with green finance (EFSD+, GCF)?

•       Policy changes needed to support scaling?

•       Supply chain accessibility, reliability & affordability?

•       Customer perception of packaging quality, food safety & willingness to pay?

•       Adjustments needed to increase vendor adoption?

•       Operational efficiency (collection rates, processing volumes, resource use)?

•       New value-added services / market linkages emerging from pilots?

•       Service quality, coverage, and community satisfaction?

6. Methodology

6.1 Research Design/Approach

The consultant will employ a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative financial and operational analysis with qualitative stakeholder insights. This methodology applies across both output areas, with data collection and analysis tailored to the specific stakeholders and performance indicators relevant to each. The research requires to include data disaggregated data collection and analysis. Consultant may also recommend additional or alternative methodologies if deem useful or more suitable.

6.2 Data Collection 

Consultant may also recommend additional or alternative methodologies if deem useful or more suitable.

Participatory Workshops

Business performance review workshops will be held with each primary stakeholder group, organized into target area (one workshop per output area). For Output 1, participants will primarily be food vending MSME adopters, eco-depots, and suppliers. For Output 2, they will include waste management company managers, depot owners, recycling companies and edjai representatives. Workshops will involve structured review of business records, group cost-benefit analysis, and facilitated discussion on supply chain performance, customer feedback, and implementation challenges.

Financial and Operational Data Review 

The consultant will review business records, sales data, and cost structures collected during the piloting period. This covers pre- and post-implementation comparisons, cost-benefit calculations, return on investment (ROI) analysis, and financial projections for model refinement and scale-up. Supply chain analysis will address packaging material pricing and availability (Output 1) and collection system efficiency and recycling rates (Output 2).

Stakeholder Interviews

Interviews will be conducted with community customers and local government officials across both outputs, plus output-specific groups: for Output 1, food vendors (disaggregated by gender), Food Vendor Committee representatives, packaging material suppliers, and factory management and worker representatives; for Output 2, waste management company owners or managers and edjai representatives.

Customer Satisfaction Assessment 

Focus group discussions and survey questionnaires will assess service quality, satisfaction, perceived value, and willingness to pay among factory workers and community members. For Output 1, this includes food safety perceptions and packaging preferences. For Output 2, it covers waste collection reliability and service coverage.

6.3 Analytical Framework

Consultant may also recommend additional or alternative methodologies if deem useful or more suitable.

Financial Analysis 

  • Revenue trends and profitability changes before and after adoption
  • Cost structure analysis (packaging material or operational costs)
  • Cash flow, financial sustainability, and investment payback period
  • Cost-effectiveness ratios and ROI for different model components
  • Distribution of financial gains and costs across actors, disaggregated by gender and actor type where applicable

Business Model Performance Evaluation

  • Adoption rates and transition trajectory (Output 1) / operational efficiency improvements (Output 2)
  • Supply chain performance: material availability and pricing (Output 1); collection volumes, sorting quality, and recycling rates (Output 2)
  • Customer uptake: frequency of purchase, repeat rates, and behavioural changes
  • Social impact: income improvements, working conditions, gender dimensions of business decision-making
  • Emergence of new business opportunities and market linkages

Barrier and Enabler Analysis

  • Internal factors: management capacity, financial literacy, technical skills, equipment
  • External factors: market conditions, regulatory environment, customer demand, material or service availability
  • Supply chain and stakeholder relationship dynamics (formal–informal sector integration)
  • Gender and social norms affecting vendors, edjai, depots, and workers participation and decision-making power in household and in supply chain.
  • Gender analysis will guide by the CARE’s Gender Equality Framework (Agency, Relations, and Structure).
  • Scaling potential and replication requirements across geographic and market contexts

Comparative Analysis 

  • Performance comparison across the four target factory areas
  • Comparison between actors with different levels of adoption or business model approaches
  • Before-and-after analysis of key financial and operational indicators
  • Best practice identification and documentation for scaling purposes

7. Timeline

Stage Activities Timing
Preparation Literature review, tool design, stakeholder training, Inception Report Month 1–3
Mid-Term Monitoring Simplified data collection (both outputs), Monitoring & Recommendation Report Month 5–7
End-Term Assessment Final data collection, Business Performance Analysis Report, stakeholder validation, Impact Stories, Case Studies Month 11–14

 

Implementation stages Activities    Timeline
Preparation –  Literature review, methodology finalization, definition of financial performance data collection tools, training sessions with stakeholders and/or project team on data collection

–  Inception report

Month 1-3
Mid-term monitoring –  Simplified data collection

–  Monitoring & Recommendation report

Month 6-8
End-term assessment –  Final measurements, comprehensive data collection and evaluation

–  Business Performance Analysis Report

–  Present findings to stakeholders for feedback and validations

–  Case Study

–  Impact story

Month 12-14

8. Deliverables

All deliverables cover both outputs with clearly differentiated analysis. English with Khmer summaries for local stakeholders.

Deliverable Content
1. Inception Report –        Detailed methodology and approach

–        Data collection & monitoring tools (workshop guides, interview protocols, survey questionnaires, self-reporting tools)

–        Stakeholder engagement plan, including gender-sensitive engagement strategy

–        Work plan and timeline Maximum 20 pages without annexes

 

2. Mid-Term Monitoring & Recommendation Report –        Financial performance analysis with key indicators and comparisons – preliminary results

–        Simplified stakeholder perception assessment

–        Initial supply chain assessment

–        Simplified barrier and enabler analysis

–        Recommendations for the remaining pilot period and data collection refinements

–        Maximum 25 pages without annexes

 

3. End-Term Assessment Report / Business Performance Analysis Report –        Executive Summary (max. 2 pages)

–        Methodology and approach

–        Assessment of total 5 business models piloted

–        Financial performance analysis with key indicators and pre/post comparisons

–        Supply chain performance assessment

–        Customer satisfaction and perception analysis

–        Barrier and enabler analysis

–        Business model effectiveness evaluation, disaggregated by gender where applicable

–        Recommendations for model refinement and scaling, including at least three actionable business cases

–        Lessons learned and best practices documentation

–        Maximum 50 pages without annexes

 

4. Impact Stories (×2) One per output:

Each, a compelling 2-3 page narrative document highlighting:

–        Success stories of vendors who transitioned to sustainable packaging

–        Personal testimonials from vendors (women and men), customers, and Food Vendor Committee members

–        Visual documentation (photos, infographics) of packaging transitions and eco-market operations

–        Quantified impacts and achievements

–        Suitable for public dissemination and advocacy purposes

 

5. Business Cases & 2 Pitch Decks (×2) Each business model 1-2 page (approx. 2-3 models) – in word doc/poster format and a 10 page pitch deck, targeting policy makers and investors by synthesizing:

–        Project information and context

–        Refined sustainable packaging business model/s

–        Evidence of results and cost-benefit findings

–        Scalability and potential for expansion across vendor types and provinces

–        Environmental and socio-economic benefits

–        Financing needs and opportunities, with alignment to green finance mechanism

 

6. Data Package Anonymized transcripts, financial datasets, survey data, stakeholder records

9. Consultant Requirements

  Requirements
Required Consultant team must consist of at least 7 persons (core team excluding enumerators)

A)      Lead Consultant/Team Lead

–        Advanced degree in business administration, economics, environmental management, sustainable consumption and production, or a related field

–        Minimum 5 years of experience in business model & cost-benefit analysis and performance evaluation, ideally with MSMEs & informal economies

–        Proven expertise in cost-benefit analysis and financial performance assessment for small businesses

–        Experience with participatory research methods and stakeholder engagement

–        Strong facilitation and workshop management skills

–        Strong participatory research, facilitation, and gender analysis

–        Fluency in English and Khmer (mandatory)

 

B)      Team members (must be demonstrated collectively)

–        Sustainable Food Packaging: In-depth knowledge of sustainable/alternative packaging materials (leaf wraps, bagasse, etc.), food packaging supply chains in Cambodia/SE Asia, vendor-supplier dynamics, and customer perceptions related to food safety and packaging.

–        Waste Management & Circular Economy: Proven experience with municipal and informal waste management systems in Cambodia/SE Asia, including collection logistics, sorting, recycling value chains, and the specific dynamics of engaging with edjai and recycling depots.

 

Preferred –        Previous work in Cambodia or comparable Southeast Asian contexts

–        Team’s or key team member(s)’ experience with sustainable packaging, circular economy, waste management, or sustainable consumption and production initiatives

–        Knowledge of food vending, informal markets and MSME development

–        Familiarity with social enterprise and sustainable business model evaluation

–        Experience working with development projects and donor requirements

 

Technical –        Proficiency in financial analysis, modelling, and statistical tools

–        Experience with qualitative data analysis methods

–        Experience working in gender or GEDSI, gender study

–        Strong presentation and communication skills

–        Ability to work with diverse stakeholders including informal sector actors and women entrepreneurs

 

10. Submission Requirements & Evaluation

Technical Proposal

  • Detailed methodology for business performance analysis, adapted to the food packaging and waste management context
  • Approach to stakeholder engagement and gender-responsive data collection
  • Workshop facilitation strategy
  • Data analysis framework
  • Team composition with detailed CVs
  • Optional: Previous Portfolios or Examples of similar MSME business model assessments

Financial Proposal

  • Daily rates for team members
  • Workshop, travel and logistic costs
  • All-inclusive pricing with detailed breakdown
Evaluation Criterion Weight
Technical approach and methodology 40%
Relevant experience and expertise of the proposed team 30%
Cost-effectiveness 15%
Team qualifications and capabilities 15%

Submission Deadline: 12 September 2026
Submit to: KHM.Procurement@care.org

Annexes

– Project Logical Framework
– Gender Equity Framework

11. Selection Process:

The selection process will include a review of all submitted applications, interviews with shortlisted agencies, and reference checks. The agency that best demonstrates its ability to meet the primary objective of this consultancy (within the proposed timeframe) with most relevant qualification and experience will be selected.

For any inquiries or additional information, please contact Senior Procurement Officer via email: KHM.Procurement@care.org.

CARE is an equal opportunity employer committed to a diverse workforce. All qualified applicants are encouraged to apply, including women, LGBTQI+ individuals, people with disabilities, members of ethnic minorities and members of other marginalized groups. CARE International in Cambodia is committed to protecting the rights of children. CARE International in Cambodia reserves the right to conduct screening procedures to ensure a child safe environment.

CARE places human dignity at the centre of its relief and development work. At the heart of CARE’s efforts to impact poverty and social justice is its engagement with marginalized communities, and vulnerable adults and children. Vulnerable adults and children are particularly at risk of sexual exploitation and abuse. CARE commits to the protection from sexual harassment, exploitation and abuse (PSHEA) of vulnerable adults, involving CARE Employees and Related Personnel. CARE has a zero tolerance toward sexual exploitation and abuse and child abuse. CARE takes seriously all concerns and complaints about sexual exploitation and abuse and child abuse involving CARE Employees and Related Personnel.

We are committed to each other and to the protection of the people we serve. We do not tolerate sexual misconduct within or external to our organization and imbed child protection in all we do. Protection from sexual harassment, exploitation and abuse and child protection are fundamental to our relationships, including employment, and our recruitment practices are designed to ensure we only recruit people who are suitable to work with other staff and the people we serve. As well as pre-employment checks, we will use the recruitment and reference process to ensure potential new staff understand and are aligned with these expectations. To find out more, please contact the Partner Oversight & Compliance Senior Officer through email ( Solin.Cheng@care.org ).